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GC BIOLOGY SMK BUNUT SUSU, PASIR MAS.

03 September 2010

Menerima Memo

                                        Alhamdulillah , saya menerima memo Dg 54 daripada
                                       Tn Hj Hussain b Awang, Pengarah Pelajaran Kelantan
                                        pada bulan Jun 2010.

chromosome replication & homologous chromosome

ABM yang menunjukkan model untuk menggambarkan  replikasi kromosom dan kromosom homolog.  Untuk pelajar yang sederhana dan lemah, sukar untuk mereka memahami fakta dalam tajuk genetik sekiranya guru hanya melukis rajah kromosom.  Penerangan menjadi lebih  jelas jika guru dapat menggunakan model seperti  yang ditunjukkan dalam rajah. Insya Allah  P & P guru-guru  menjadi lebih bemakna dan meyeronokkan.  

02 September 2010

Model  ini  di guna untuk mengajar tajuk inheritance, model yang dibuat dari tali nylon, klip hose, selinder kuprum dan  kertas label memudahkan guru-guru menerangkan terminologi dalam genetik . Untuk keterangan lanjut sila lihat  CHEMAT'S MODEL.

CHEMAT'S MODEL

sila klik disini

18 June 2010

F5 topic Inheritance (PYQ Extra question)


Form 5 - Topic 5: Inheritance  (PYQ-Soalan Tambahan)

SPM 2009
20        A boy has blood group A and his sister has blood group B.
            Which is the correct combination of genotypes belonging to their parents?


Father
Mother
A
AB
AB
B
AA
BB
C
AA
BO
D
BO
BO

21         Which of the following does not cause variation?
            Antara yang berikut yang manakah tidak menyebabkan variasi?
A          Crossing over   
B          Random fertilization
            C          Separation of sister chromatids
D          Independent assortment of chromosomes


Soalan struktur.

SPM 2009 ( Sebahagian)

 Diagram2.2 shows the formation of a type of genetic disorder.
    
     










(i)         State three characteristics of this genetic disorder.
        
         1. .........................................................................................................................................................

         2. .......................................................................................................................................................

         3. .........................................................................................................................................................
                                                                                                           [3 marks]

(ii)        Explain how a fault in the formation of cell R can cause this genetic disorder.
          
            ……………………………………………………………………………………...……………………………………………………………

            ………………………………………………………………………………………...………………………………………………………..
                                                                                                                              [3 marks]

15 June 2010

Correction Form 4 - Part D


Correction form 4
 PKBS2   Biology
 Part D (Experiment)

1. Objective

To study the effect  of albumen concentration on the rate of pepsin
 Reaction.
2. Problem Statement

What is  the effect of albumen concentration on the rate of pepsin reaction?
3. Hypothesis

As the concentration of albumen increases, the rate of pepsin reaction will increase ( until the reaction reaches a maximum rate)

4. Variables

Manipulated variable  :  Concentration of  albumen
Responding variable  :  Time taken for the  albumen  to turn clear     
                                       // Rate of pepsin reaction .
Fixed variable            :   Enzyme concentration/  temperature /
                                       pH of  medium (pH 2)

5. Materials and apparatus
 
Albumen  suspension: 5%, 10% ,  15% and  20% ,  Pepsin (1.0 % ) ,  Hydrochloride acid  (HCl) , distilled water,  syringes,  test tubes, stopwatch, water bath and  thermometer.

6. Technique

Measure and record the time taken for the albumen suspension to turn clear using a stopwatch.//
Calculate the pepsin reaction by using a formula : 1/ time ( min -1)


7. Procedure

1.  Four  test tubes  labeled A to D  are prepare.

2.  The test tubes contain the following mixtures :-                 
A :  4 ml  of  5 %    albumen suspension
B :  4 ml  of  10 %  albumen suspension
C :  4 ml  of  15 %  albumen suspension
D :  4 ml  of  20 %  albumen suspension

3.   I ml of 1% pepsin is added to each test tube by using a syringe.
Draw a test tube and its contents.
 
 








1.      Add 3 drops of  HCl to all test tubes  to make the acidic  medium

2.      All the test tubes  are immersed in a water bath set at 37ºC

3.      The stopwatch is started and the time taken for the mixture to turn from cloudy (albumin / protein) to clear in each test tube is taken and recorded in table.
8. Results

 


Concentration of albumen suspension                                
             (%)
Time taken for the albumen  to become clear  (min)
Rate of pepsin reaction
(1/t) (min-1)
               5


              10


              15


               20




    Discussion


            …No discussion because you did not  do the experiment…

9. Conclusion

As the concentration of albumen increases, the rate of pepsin reaction will increase until the reaction reaches a maximum rate.
Hypothesis is accepted.


13 June 2010

(a) (i) Based on the results in Table 1.1, state two observations for the experiment.

1. When the length of the straw is 20cm , the weight that bends the straw is 1N

2. When the length of the straw is 5 cm, the weight that bends the straw is 4N

[ 3 marks]

(ii) State the inference which corresponds to the observation in 1(a)(i).

1. When the length is short , the strength of the straw is strong /high

2. When the length is long (P1), the strength of the straw is weak / low.

[ 3 marks]

C (i) Complete Table 1.2 based on this experiment (Dependent)

Variable

Method to handle the variable (Dependent)

Manipulated variable

The length of the straw.

By using different length of straws, that is, 20cm, 15cm, 10cm and 5cm respectively.

Responding variable

The weight that bends the straw.

By recording down the weight that bends the straws using the metal weights/ 0.5N

Controlled variable

The diameter of the straw

By fixing the diameter of the straw at 1cm

Table 1.2

[3 marks]

(ii) Complete the table 1.3 below by classifying the materials and apparatus used in this experiment

Apparatus

Materials

Retort stand

Hook

Wooden blocks

50N weights

Straw

Paper/ cotton

Table 1.3 [3 marks]

e. State a hypothesis for the experiment.

The shorter the length, the higher the strength of the straw that bends the straw.

[3 marks]

f. Based on Table 1.1, record the results of this experiment obtained in a table. Your table should include the following aspects:

- The length of the straw

- Surface area of the straw (equals the length multiply by the 3cm2)

- The weight that bends the straw

- The strength of the straw, using the formula: Straw’s strength = Force (Weight) divided by the straw surface area

Length (cm)

Surface area (cm2)

Weight / Force (N)

Strength = F/SA

(N/cm2)

20

60

1

0.02

15

45

2

0.04

10

30

3

0.10

5

15

4

0.27

[3 marks]

(ii) From the table in (f) (i) above, draw a graph of the strength of the straw against the length of the straw.

Axes – correct with the correct label and units = 1 mark

Points are correctly transferred = 1 mark

Shape of graph is correctly drawn = 1 mark. [3 marks]

g. From the graph you have drawn in (f)(ii) above, explain the relationship between the length of the straw and its strength.

When the length of the straw increases ,the strength of the straw decreases.

This is because increase in the length of the straw will increase its surface

area and thus the weight to bend it is smaller

[3 marks]

h. From the experiment, what can be deduced about the strength of the straw ?

The strength of the straw is the maximum weight it can take before it bends , when the weight is hung from its middle portion, the strength of the straw is affected by its length.

[3 marks]

i. If a same type of straw, is clamped on the same retort stands with length 20cm with the thicker wall, between the wooden blocks, predict the strength of the straw.

The strength of the rod will be stronger than 0.02 N/cm2.

This is because the straw has the same diameter and length but it has thicker wall, giving it more strength , so increasing its strength

12 June 2010

form 5 P3 Q2

Correction

Biology PKBS 2

Form 5 - Paper 3 Qn 2 (BOD).

#{ 1 time= 1 BI, 5 times = 3 BI + 2 BM , 8 times = 5 BI + 3 BM, 10 times = 6 BI + 4 BM }#

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sample answer:

1. Problem

Statement: What is the effect of different distance between the rubber factory

and the village on the rate of water pollution?

2. Aim : To investigate the effect of the distance between the rubber factory

and the villages on the rate of water pollution.

3.Hypothesis: The longer the distance between the rubber factory and the

villanges , the lower the rate of water pollution.

4. Variables:

Manipulated V: The distance between the rubber factory and the villages.

Responding V: The rate of water pollution // The time taken for the methylene

blue solution to decolourised.

Control V: The volume of the methylene blue solution

5. Apparatus

& Materials : water samples, methylene blue solution, reagent bottle,

stop-watch, syringe, cupboard

6Technique : Record the time taken for the methylene blue solution to turn colourless

7. PRocedure:

  1. Water samples are taken from the river at villages P, Q and R
  2. 200ml of water sample from village P is transfered into the reagent bottle P.
  3. Using a syringe, 1ml of 1% methylene blue solution is slowly injected

into the water sample P.

  1. The tip of the syringe is used to stir the solution slowly.
  2. The bottle is capped immediately and placed in a cupboard.
  3. The stop watch is started.
  4. The reagent bottle is observed every one hour to determine whether the

methylene blue has been decolourised.

  1. The time taken for the methylene blue to decolourised is taken and recorded down.
  2. Steps 2 to 8 are repeated with the sample water from villages Q and R.
  3. The results are recorded in a table.

Result:

Water sample.

Time taken for methylene blue solution to turn colourless (min)

The rate of water pollution 1/t

(min-1)

P



Q



R



Consclution : The longer the distance between the rubber factory and the villanges

, the lower the rate of water pollution. The hypothesis is accepted.